Improvement in ovens



.PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN ALnENAND EDWARD ProK, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

`uviPRovElvl ENT AIN ovENs.

`Specification"forming part of Let ters Patent No. 35,661, dated June 24, ISCQ.

To all `whom "it .may concern.-

Be it known that we, JOHN ALLEN and ED- MWARD l?IoK,.of` the city of Brooklyn, in the t county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements y in Bake-Givensyandlwe do hereby declare that t the following is a full and correct description thereof, referenceibeing `had to the annexed drawings, making` apart of this specification, i

and to the letters ofreference thereon.

Our invention consists of several improvements in the` class of ovens known generally as reel-ovens, fandjdescribed inbooks and 1 `in Letters Patentbf the UnitedStates to Hosea Ball, September 23,1856, Duncan Mc- FebruaryV 18, 1862.

First. f We dispense w "Kenzie, May 1,- 1860, 'and Iverson WT. Knapp,

ith the draft-opening in the top of the baking-chamber, and use a draft and steam-flue opening from the mouth of the oven.` f Bythischange inthe location `of the draft-Hue we keep a sufficient amount "of steamyat all times `in the oven while baking,

and atthe same time get adi-aft, and also pro- `the mouth havebeen used; `but suchiiues have i notbeenused, to our knowledge, in reel-ovens, which areverydifferent in construction `and voperation from'fthe ordinary bake-oven.

Second. Our invention further consists in *combining with thefbaking-chamber two` out lets or draft-fines opening from opposite sides foffthe oven, atan elevation above. the door of the oven and belowthe mouth of the oven, said iiuesbeing connected with the chimney byflues;passngupward through the exterior wallsof thefovenfand notdownward below the floor ofthe oven,as in McKenzies oven.

By this arrangement we are enabled to geta draft .below the oven-imouth and yet have suf- "ficient elevation of 4outlet above the fire to secure activecombustion, and, besides, we dol not take up any part of the bottom or floory oftheoven 'withopenings andflues usedonly for draft, and therefore comparatively cold. Third.` Our invention further consists in a double series of horizontalfiues, in combination with `the furnace and floor of a reel-oven,

for the purpose of more thoroughly heating the bottom part of the oven through the door by radiated heat. t

` But to describe ourinvention'more particularly, We will referto the annexed drawings, of whichi Figure 1 is a front elevation of the oven; Fig. 2, atransverse section through dotted lines fr, Fig. 3; Fig. 3, a cross-section through the middle of the oven; Fig. 4, a horizontal section showing outlets and steam-fine; Fig. 5, a horizontal section through dotted lines y y, Fig. 2, showing plan of fire-bOX-and heatingflues under thebottom of the oven.

Letter a represents the baking-chamber of a reel-oven of suitable size and shapeto contain and permit of the operation of gravitating l bread-pans b, suspended from the radial arms c of the horizontal shaft d. This apparatus is commonly called a reel/l7 and is rotated by hand or machinery from the outside of the oven, one end of the shaft projecting through the side of the oven for that purpose.

Letter e represents the mouth of the oven e',

:a sliding door for the same, counterbalanced by the weight e2, connected to the .door b'y a chain; e3, passing over pulleysc" er.

Letter f is a steam and draft flue opening from theroof of the mouth of the oven, controlled by a suitable damper, f, and connected with the chimney by running intov the draftue g, which opens into the oven at h and passes horizontally within the front wall to near the side of the oven, and thence up to y the top and back over the top, and then by an inclined flue to the chimney.

Letter t' represents a rear draft-flue opening into the oven at j, and passing straight up through the back wall of the oven to the chimney. The front and rear draft-fines may unite in one chimney-flue,.as shown in the drawings,

or be connected with separate and independent behind the furnace, without any back outlet.l

a n are horizontal ilues on each side of vthe furnace, supplied with products of combustion from the fire-box through the small passages o at the side of the fire-box above the pipe. The fiues a a discharge through the passagewayp p into the horizontal side fines, q q, (one at each side of the oven,) which, besides being heating-fines for the bottom, like the adjoinl and to have the passages p p open from the middle of the adjoining horizontal flues, opposite the dead-wall of the lines q q, as shown. The passages 1' may be graduated in respect to their size, those farthest from the passages pp being made largest, so as to draw' equally.

From the above description it will be evident to the practical baker that in consequence of the interposition of the horizontal llues between the fire-box and the baking-chamber, a larger proportion of the fuel consumed is appropriated to produce an effective bottom heat, or a-heat striking upward against the under side of the bread-paus from the bottom of the oven, than by former constructions, which are defective in respect to bottom heat, owing to the heat being conducted from the (irc-box so directly and immediately into the bakingchamber or between the outer and inner side walls of the same that the temperature is greatest in the top part of the oven, and consequently the heat more active upon the bread from above thanfroln below.

Our said improvements are peculiarly useful in baking hard bread-such as ship-bread or army-bread--which require a strong heat on the bottom side. v

Ve claim as our invention and improvements in mechanical bake-ovens known as reel-ovensl. The draft and steam lue opening from the mouth of the oven when combined with a baking-chamber suitablefor and containing the reel apparatus and bake-pans, substantially as described.

2. The side draft-fines, in combination with the baking-chamber of a reel-oven when opening below the mouth of the oven and above the Hoor, substantially as described.

3. The double series of horizontal heatingflues, iu combination with the furnace and floor of a reel-oven, constructed and arranged substantially as described.

JOHN ALLEN. EDWARD PICK. Witnesses:

R. J. CUNNINGHAM, Jol-1N T. Wasson. 

